Saturday, August 18, 2012

Before the Deadliest Catch: Part One - "Back-Story"

Derelict vessel burning in Penn Cove. Sank soon after this photo.
An event took place at Penn Cove at Whidbey Island Washington on May 12, 2012. A fire broke out aboard a derelict fishing vessel without a crew. [ed note: Click photos to enlarge]

The next day the vessel sank within several hundred feet of renowned Penn Cove Shellfish.

The derelict sank with an undetermined amount of diesel fuel and a cornucopia of dangerous liquids such a hydraulic fluid other harmful liquids into Penn Cove. As you can imagine, management of Penn Cove Shellfish were wracked with fear and concern for their shellfish.

And I was gobsmacked when I learned the vessels identity. The Deep Sea, which burned and sank in Penn Cove,  was connected in a very small way to my family; specifically my Dad.


Chapter 1

I am sure many of my readers are familiar with the Discovery Channels "Deadliest Catch." The reality program demonstrates - with visually powerful images - the dangers associated with today's Alaska King Crab fishery.

The following story was written by Alice Myers Winther, Special Correspondent of The Christian Science Monitor. It was published on January 19, 1959, and sets the "back story" for my Dad's brief - but eventful adventure - in the Alaska King Crab fishery.

[Editors Note: The story as it originally appeared in the Monitor did not feature photographs. These were added by me from my Dad's archives.]

Dateline SEATTLE:   Dollarwise the King-crab industry in Alaska is still relatively small, grossing less than $6,000,000 a year. But its promising future spells hope of year-round employment for many Alaskan fishermen.

"This," says Lowell Wakefield, pioneer in the industry, "is what makes our industry more important to the state of Alaska than its size would seem to warrant. Most of the companies going into the King-crab industry today are salmon companies who desire to develop employment for their men and boats during their off season. The crab season starts about when the salmon runs end in midsummer and carries through the winter until Apri1." 

King crabbing is a cold and often perilous occupation. It takes sturdy men and sturdy boats. The giant, six-legged crustacea inhabit the stormy waters off western Alaska and the lonely Aleutians. Lowell Wakefield, member of · one of Alaska's veteran herring fishing families, was the first North American to start catching and packing King crabs on a commercial scale. His company is still by far the largest in the industry, doing more than $3,000,000 of business in 1958. 

Story Extracted 

It's story, which we extracted from its tall, affable president between sessions of the International North Pacific Fisheries Commission, will no doubt be emulated by many another enterprising Alaskan as the nation's 50th state expands its economy. Mr. Wakefield was in Seattle recently as an adviser to the United States section of the three-nation commission which, in addition to work on salmon, halibut, and herring, is engaged in research on King crab in the Bering Sea, whence comes a goodly portion of the Wakefield catch. 

It was back in the late 1930's that Lowell Wakefield happened upon a seldom-encountered sight that altered his career and ultimately launched a new industry for Alaska. What an unusually low tide brought to view was a great pyramid-·or "hay stack"-of hundreds of King crab. The crab fest that Kodiak Islanders staged that day set Captain Wakefield to dreaming about the commercial possibilities of King crab. His family had been casting about for something to give their herring fishermen year-·round employment.


The huge, spiderlike crustaceans average four feet from tip to tip and from 10 to 13 pounds in weight, but giants measuring six feet and weighing from 20 to 25 pounds are not uncommon. The meat yielded by their claws and legs is delicate in flavor, yet surprisingly tasty. It can be separated from the shell more easily than the meat of most crustaceans.

Prior to World War II only Japan's far-ranging fishermen showed any interest in exploiting the King-crab fishery. During the '30's Japanese high-seas canneries were processing the Bering Sea delicacy and distributing the canned product to worldwide markets. 

In 1940 and 1941, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service conducted an exploratory study which indicated there was great promise for a King-crab fishery in Alaska. Stimulated by this information the Wakefields were experimenting with methods of catching and processing the crab when Pearl Harbor halted both Japanese and American fishing in the area. The first boat which the Wakefields had built for King-crab fishing - the 38-foot Prospector - was soon taken into government service. 

Trawlers Imitated 

By that time Lowell Wakefield had decided to freeze the crab and market it as a frozen rather `than a canned product. King crab, he found, is especially suitable for freezing. It retains its bright red-and-white coloration without fading and resists dehydration and texture and flavor changes. 

In 1946 he formed a new company, Wakefield's Deep Sea Trawlers, Inc., which eventually absorbed the family company, Wakefield Fisheries. The new enterprise was financed through the sale of stock and a Reconstruction Finance Corporation loan. Most of the capital went into construction of a140·fo0t steel trawler, the Deep Sea, which was outfitted to serve as a seagoing freezing and processing plant. 

The Deep Sea was modeled after the North Atlantic offshore trawlers, which are designed to withstand rougher seas than the usual Pacific and Alaskan vessels. Equipped to haul the huge crab nets, it employed wartime perfected radar and sonar to help find the elusive creatures. The `Deep Sea was said to be the costliest American fishing vessel ever built and the first one underwriters insured for winter voyages in the Bering Sea.




As the operation grew and other boats were needed, the Deep Sea emerged in her present role as a mothership, processing the catches brought to her by smaller vessels. 


A second mothership of similar size, the Reefer King, formerly used for freezing salmon, was reoutfitted and added to the Wakefield fleet in the summer of 1959. 

Areas Covered 

Each mothership carries a¤ crew of about 30 men and can process 3,000 to 3,500 crabs a day. They can each store 200 tons of frozen crab meat. The crews work for a combination` of wages and share of the catch. Once a ship is loaded she hastens to the nearest shore-based warehouse.


These vessels cover pretty much all of the King-crab areas at one time or another, Mr. Wakefield said. The Japanese reentered the Bristol Bay grounds in 1953 and the Soviets came in for the first time in 1959. Although the Japanese are expanding their fishing fleets, they have promised not to increase their take of King crab, according to Mr. Wakefield. So far, he added, it is the opinion of biologists connected with the International North Pacific, Fisheries Commission that commercial fisheries are not yet harvesting more crab than they should from the point of view of conserving the resource.

 In addition to the two floating plants, Wakefield's now operates two shore processing plants, one at Port Wakefield in the Kodiak Island area and the other at Sand Point in the Shumagin Islands. The first it owns and the second it leases from the Aleutian Cold Storage Company, which has the distinction oft being United State's most westerly cold-storage plant, actually being situated farther west than Hawaii.

It takes a fleet of 40 to 50 fishing vessels, operating under contract, to keep the four processing plants busy and the company's far-flung customers satisfied. About 90 per cent of the fleet is Alaska-owned; the rest are Seattle vessels. Refrigerated coastal steamers, chiefly Alaska Steamship vessels, transport the frozen cargoes to Bellingham, Washington for fina1 packaging and distribution.

Tuesday, August 14, 2012

Article Updates - ILVA & Vale Beijing

Vale Brasil at PDM
In July 2011 I wrote about the worlds largest iron ore carrier, Vale Brasil scheduled to arrive at Taranto, Italy.

The Vale Brasil delivered nearly 400,000 tons of iron ore to Europe's largest steel mill complex.

A year later, ILVA is facing a crisis: Alleged air pollution has resulted in demands that portions of the plant be shut down. Some say the Court Ordered plan effectively shutters the entrie complex.

Here are the details of what has taken place.


•  In December 2011, we reported a near disaster at Vale (pronounced "valley") Resources huge deep-water iron ore terminal at Ponta da Madeira, Brasil.

The Vale Beijing, dropped anchor off the coast of Brasil and dropped off the media radar.

 
•  January 16, 2012. Det Norske Veritas (DNV) declares her sea-worthy, following an extensive underwater survey of her hull. Inspection focused on the area located just ahead of the house structure, where the cargo tanks abutted the engine room. Divers are required to make the repair!

•  February 19, 2012. A floating clamshell crane completes redistribution of her cargo of iron ore.The Vale Beijing was approximately 2/3rds loaded when the cracks developed with her bow about 20 feet higher than her stern!

•  March 28, 2012. Vale Beijing completes her troubled maiden voyage, delivering iron ore to Vale's Pelletizing Mill located in Sohar, Oman. (She had to go. There are no facilities at PDM for unloading!)

•  April 21, 2012. Vale Beijing arrives back to her builder at Jinhae, Republic of Korea for inspection and repair. 
Vale Beijing under construction at STX Offshore and Shipbuilding in Jinhae, South Korea

•  Today, August 14, 2012. Vale Beijing departed Ponta da Madeira terminal in Brasil, and is en-route to Sohar, Oman, eta September 13th. Where the heck is Sohar?

The Challanger

Having been totally immersed in the Summer Olympics the past weeks, I have to figure out where I was on the Blog production schedule! The Olympics were totally awesome on my new Panasonic plasma panel, with 2D - 3D conversion!

Spokane, Portland & Seattle (SP&S) 903 photographed by Walter E. Frost, on August 2, 1953. Sold to Great Northern (GN) and purchased back. So if you have photos of GN 4000 or 4001 that was SP&S 903 and 904.

Confronted with moving freighters over the Wasatch Mountains at track speed, Union Pacific Railroad designed this wheel arrangement in conjunction with the American Locomotive Company. Click here to learn why this wheel arrangement was dubbed "Challenger." It was a design ordered by several roads.

The Spokane, Portland & Seattle was result of a joint venture between the Great Northern Railroad and the Northern Pacific. In fact in the early years following construction, SP&S was operating with used equipment from both roads.

For more of the roads interesting history, I direct you to the Spokane, Portland & Seattle Railway Historical Society.

The Whyte Notation for this engine is 4-6-6-4. This would be 3/5+3/5 in Switzerland, 230+032 in France.

SP&S 903, road class Z-6, built by American Locomotive Company in 1937.

Thursday, August 9, 2012

Adrenaline Rush on Hauser Way!


Milwaukee Road E-32A on Hauser Way, Renton Washington, December 26, 1964. 

My buddy El Purington and I had been making the rounds on a terrible stormy day, the day after Christmas, 1964. Earlier we had been down to Auburn, and paced an eastbound Northern Pacific freighter up the climbing curve at Covington.


The roar of a gaggle of EMD's foot down in run 8 absolutely vibrates your lungs as they roar by. 

There is no comparing the staccato 567C to “modern day” big bore horsepower!

From Covington we took the two lane concrete thumper over to Maple Valley, to pick up a Milwaukee electric train entering Pacific Coast Railroad territory.

The operator – I believe his name was Bob Lillengreen – was a gregarious sort of fellow who loved to have company on a stormy winter night. The coffee was “railroad” burned – never did have a decent cup of coffee at any rail facility – but it was warming.

We waited for E32A coming down off the mountain. Bob explained that as the caboose cleared
Tunnel 50, a “burping” sound was transmitted on the radio speaker. He had little time to bundle up the authorization for the freighter to move over the Pacific Coast from Maple Valley down to Renton, thence across the valley floor to the red signal they would face at Black River Junction.

The crew picked up their orders and eased out toward Renton. We bid Bob a fond farewell and hustled down to Renton to watch the Growlers tiptoe through town.




Adrenalin Rush on Hauser Way

We easily caught up with the west bound freighter as she was down to 10 miles per hour with that gawd-awful cow horn blatting into the night dragging the classic mixed consist freight train down Hauser Way in Renton.

As she approached, you could hear that familiar sound of growling gears, traction motor blowers, and the “blank-blank-blank” of a bell that really didn’t ring.

El and I stared in disbelief as the fellow facing us at the curb had moments before reckoned he could fit between E32A and his curb!


The engineer had the horn tied to the floorboards as we all expected the worst!

Here’s a later version of the Milwaukee Road easing down
Hauser Way, long after the trolley was removed.

What a remarkable contrast between running over the wide-open spaces of eastern Washington and downtown Renton!

I am so grateful that I was able to enjoy those magnificent machines! The last time I saw the E32A, she was being cannibalized at South Tacoma in an effort to keep her sisters running.

And a family of birds had made her their home.